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Online Theory Course

An outstanding course - I can highly recommend this. The details, feedback and support is excellent - makes celestial navigation understandable!

Unravel the mysteries of astro navigation, the sextant, global meteorology and ocean passage making

The online RYA/MCA Yachtmaster Ocean theory course teaches advanced techniques to those aspiring to blue water cruising and is ideal for holders of the Yachtmaster Offshore certificate who are preparing for their first ocean passage, and for commercial Skippers or Mates planning on operating more than 150nm from a safe haven.

This course will introduce you to the principles of astro navigation, the practical use of the sextant, the measurement of time, position fixing by the sun and stars, compass checking and great circle sailing.  

You’ll also study the concepts of worldwide meteorology, including tropical revolving storms, and passage planning for ocean voyaging.

• Assumed knowledge Yachtmaster level.
• Minimum duration 40 hours study is specified by the RYA.
• Ability after course Theory knowledge to undertake an ocean passage.

Simply click below to try a free lesson.

Introduction to Astro Navigation

• Introduction & Basic Astro Navigation Theory
• Using a Sextant
• Meridian Passage
• Plotting Your Position
• Planet Sights
• Moon Sights
• Star Sights
• Latitude by Polaris (The Pole Star)
• Compass Check by Sun’s Amplitude
• Ocean Weather & Tropical Storms
• Passage Planning
• Satellite, HF communications and obtaining weather data

Unlimited support from our dedicated RYA Instructors - 365 days a year via email, phone or Skype/Zoom.

14-day unconditional money-back guarantee.

13 fully-narrated online lessons including animations, videos and realistic 3D graphics.

Embedded quizzes with instant feedback in each lesson.

Self-assessment exercises with fully worked answers.

Final exam with detailed instructor feedback and free repeat attempts if requried.

RYA Ocean Yachtmaster Shorebased Theory Course Completion Certificate.

12 months access to study with instructor support and exams - you can extend this if you want.

Lifetime access to training materials once you’ve completed the course.

This course is accessed online with no additional software required.

Lessons are accompanied by optional professional narration, and notes. 

They are intuitive and easy to follow, whilst more complex subjects are accompanied by interactive animations and graphics to help you gain a full knowledge of each subject in the course syllabus.

Whilst the process of translating a sextant sight into a position line is straightforward it is quite challenging to get to grips with. Unlike classroom training, where time is limited and students progress at different rates, online learning allows you to participate in lessons as many times as you wish to fully get to grips with the concepts.

At the end of each lesson there are excercises containg similar questions to the exam, with detailed and illustrated answers sent to you immediately to confirm your progress and fully prepare you for your final exams.

You can repeat entire lessons and excercises as often as you wish until you are confident that you fully understand each subject.

When you have completed the course you can request the final exam.

This is assessed by our RYA Instructors and detailed feedback is provided in any areas that may require further study within the course.

If you pass the final exam you will be awarded the RYA/MCA Yachtmaster Ocean Shorebased Course Certificate , which will be posted to you.

Ad ditional free resits, with suitable Instructor guidance, are available if required.

If you  are working towards your Yachtmaster Ocean Certificate of Competence, successful completion of this course exempts you from the written exam.

For most students exam invigilation is not required - see here for examples of when invigilation is required.

Call us for advice on 0238 218 2604

Course reviews.

Nigel Andrews

Helped me master it

This was my third attempt at an RYA Yachtmaster Ocean online course from different companies, and by far the best. For an admittedly difficult subject matter to get one’s head around, the instructor presents a very organized and understandable series of lessons that combine learning with wisdom and humour. Its still a tough subject, but this course helped me master it. Thanks!

Mathew Myatt

Ability to repeat when in doubt

Logical and clear. What was really good was the ability to go back and repeat or all or part of a lesson to ensure you truly understand a concept / principle, something which is more difficult to do when in a real classroom situation

David McIntyre

An excellent course

I found this course to be very comprehensive and informative. The format was very well presented and clear. The main advantage for me was the convenience of doing this in your own time. They are very generous with this. All my correspondence was very promptly replied. They are certainly very on the ball. The instructors gave clear and prompt feedback.

David Collins

Well worth the investment. Excellent!

A challenging course which stretches you but backed up with excellent coaching and instructor support. Worth the investment in time and money. Highly recommended.

Combined - RYA Day Skipper & Yachtmaster to fast track your theory learning

• Yachtmaster Ocean
• Recreational

Yachtmaster Ocean Qualifications

This certificate is a qualification that indicates that the holder has sufficient knowledge of celestial navigation to navigate a 24-metre vessel globally using a sextant and to plan, undertake and manage an ocean passage together with a comprehensive understanding of the factors involved with regards to routing and meteorology. The minimum age to obtain this certification is 18.

What are the entry level requirements?

To gain the IYT Yachtmaster Ocean certificate, candidates must first hold the IYT Yachtmaster Offshore certificate.

What does the Yachtmaster ocean theory course consist of?

The course consists of six days of astronavigation and worldwide meteorology. A thorough knowledge of all subjects covered in the IYT Yachtmaster Offshore course is assumed. There will be a final written examination on the last day of the course.

It has come to our attention that it has not been made perfectly clear to all IYT Worldwide yachtmaster candidates that this certification is for recreational use only and may never be upgraded to a professional certificate. Therefore, we require all candidates taking a recreational IYT Worldwide Yachtmaster Coastal, Offshore or Ocean course to complete an acknowledgement prior to taking the course.

Course Outline

• The Earth and the celestial sphere
• The PZX triangle
• The sextant
• Measurement of time
• Meridian altitudes
• Planet sights
• Starsight planning
• The pole star
• Moon sights
• Compass checking
• Satellite navigation systems
• Great circle sailing
• Meteorology
• Passage planning

The IYT Yachtmaster Ocean certificate is a qualification that indicates that the holder has sufficient knowledge of celestial navigation to navigate globally using a sextant and to plan, undertake and manage an ocean passage together with a comprehensive understanding of the factors involved with regards to routing and meteorology.

Certificate Limitations:

• Command of a vessel up to 24 meters in length
• all oceans / anywhere in the world
• not for commercial use

Note: Yachtmaster Ocean is a recreational course that can be taught in any language BUT cannot be upgraded to the professional Master of Yachts certificate.

How Do I Apply for Enrollment?

Candidates may apply to any of the participating IYT Partner Schools worldwide who offer this course.

As you advance and become more proficient as crew or skipper you take on bigger challenges that require proper training to ensure the safety of your family and friends. The bigger the boat or length of adventure the more training you require.

Most of us prefer to spend our time on the water and not in a classroom. To facilitate this, IYT has a series of E-learning courses available for the theoretical part of sail and powerboat training.

• Take one of our online (Elearning) courses for your next level of training.
• Plan your practical training at one of our many schools worldwide to earn your final qualification.
• Book in advance with your school as class sizes and availability may be limited.
• Review the IYT course progression details to learn about professional level courses.
• Spend time on the water and properly log your seatime.

The Boating Lifestyle is one of the most rewarding pursuits available. There is something physically and emotionally invigorating when you are offshore. To enjoy the experience fully you need the proper training & skills to be safe, prepared and command a vessel.

Recreational Student Information

Benefits of an iyt certification.

IYT is the largest provider of crew and skipper certificates for the recreational yachting industry in the world. Learn more about the benefits of an IYT Certificate.

Certificate Renewal

For many IYT certificates, there is the need to re-qualify for your certificate every 3 to 5 years. This ensures that our certifications are meeting international standards.

IYT Yachting Passport

The IYT Passport is recognized in over 40 countries around the world and offers you an opportunity to study and train worldwide.

• Course Progression

A beginner at sailing or operating a powerboat should be familiar with the training path that is available from IYT. Many recreational boaters progress to become crew on superyachts.

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• Register with IYT
• Find a School
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• Certificate Renewal & Replacement
• Get Certified
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• International Bareboat Skipper
• International Flotilla Skipper Sail – Catamaran
• International Bareboat Skipper Sail – Catamaran
• International Certificate of Competency (ICC Certificate)
• Powerboat Skipper
• Yachtmaster Coastal (Power or Sail)
• Yachtmaster Coastal Sail – Catamaran
• Yachtmaster Offshore (Power or Sail)
• Yachtmaster Offshore Sail – Catamaran
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• Master of Yachts Coastal/Mate 200 Tons (Power or Sail)
• Master of Yachts Limited (Power or Sail)
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RYA Yachtmaster Ocean

• 6th November 2023
• by Pete Green

Part 1 Theory

Is it still relevant for today?

RYA Yachtmaster Ocean is the RYA’s highest shore-based theory qualification. With multiple sources of GPS on a boat, why is it still relevant to learn an instrument based on 800-year-old technology and look up data from volumes of paper tables?

For centuries sailors have navigated oceans by fixing a position with a sextant observing the sun, moon, stars, and planets. Today, it is not only a fascinating art, but an essential alternative to GPS and electronic plotters when redundancy and reliability are essential for crossing oceans.

Electronics and the power to supply them can and do fail.  Salt water is an enemy and there is plenty of it in the middle of an ocean.  You may have redundancy with multiple GPS devices but that doesn’t help if none of them are receiving because of jamming, interference, or atmospheric conditions.

If you know the sun rises in the East and the North star is in the North, you already have some astronavigation knowledge.  With the reliability of just paper & pencil and a simple mechanical instrument, you can find out where you are on the planet to within a few nautical miles.

Many sailors will embark on learning celestial navigation for their own satisfaction, knowledge and dare I say pleasure.  For others, it is a required vocational qualification and revered standard.  Halcyon Yachts employs yacht delivery skippers with a minimum Yachtmaster Ocean qualification so to become a delivery skipper it is a qualification you rightly need to gain.

RYA Syllabus and Pre-Requisites

To get the RYA Yachtmaster Ocean Certificate of Competence you need to be a Yachtmaster Offshore, do a qualifying passage, take astro navigation sights and pass an exam.

The qualifying passage must be over 600 nm (and over 96 hours) where 200 nm are more than 50 nm from land or charted objects and completed within the last 10 years. You must evidence taking a full part in the planning and preparation and had a solo watch. The astro navigation requirements are a sun or noon sight transfer position fix and a celestial compass check, not necessarily on the qualifying passage.

The exam is an oral and written test.  The oral test covers all aspects of ocean passage making in a yacht, including planning, navigation, meteorology, crew management and yacht preparation, maintenance, and repairs. Candidates must send the examiner an account of the qualifying passage and evidence of taking sights 48 hours in advance.

The good news is if you pass the Yachtmaster Ocean Theory you don’t need to take the written part of the exam and that is the subject of this blog.

Ocean Theory Courses

The two main routes to learning RYA Ocean theory are classroom and online.  Courses are typically a weeklong or online with 40 hours estimated study and cost from under £300.

There are many providers of online theory courses, I used www.skipperson line.net which has a modern interactive interface, worked on all my devices, and allowed learning at my own pace. The exam can be done at home if just for personal development but if commercial endorsement is required then the exam must be invigilated by any RYA Instructor using only the student tables and sight proforma templates provided.

What is Astronavigation?

I won’t pretend to explain astronavigation in a blog but can give a flavour of the content and principles. It was only on the last course module covering the North Star (Polaris) that I had the eureka moment and things clicked into place, so I’ll start there to give a layman’s guide to the theory.

The North Star is always in the North so it’s bearing (or Azimuth) is always north.  It is almost directly above the North Pole (89° 16’ N) so is in the same place every day!  If you were stood at the North Pole, it would be right above you, on your Zenith (an imaginary point directly above a location). If you were close to the equator, it would be very low in the sky, almost on the horizon (90° from your Zenith).  Some basic trigonometry then proves your latitude (in the Northern hemisphere) is always equal to the height of the North Star above the horizon.

Let’s say you measure Polaris as having an altitude of 50°, then your latitude is also 50°.  This doesn’t tell you where you are, but it does confirm your latitude as one position line.  At 50° latitude you could be anywhere west of the Isles of Scilly, East of New Foundland or in the North Pacific but hopefully you’ll be able to narrow that down!

The principal is then the same as Day Skipper, getting position lines from more than one source (or the same one transferred over time) then plotting where they cross to get a fix. If you get stuck an excellent additional resource is “The Practical Guide to Celestial Navigation” by Phil Somerville.  A copy of which is now on the bookshelf of my boat along with some generic proformas and plotting sheets.

Using a Sextant

The shore-based course teaches how to use a sextant but unless you construct an artificial horizon with a bowl of water you’ll have to wait until on passage to try it out.

It is called sextant because its arc is 1/6 th of a circle i.e., 60° but it can measure angles up to 120° using a principle of double reflection. The mechanics are to adjust the sextant arm whilst using telescope, mirrors, and shades to bring the celestial body being measured down (or up) to meet the horizon.  You should take a series of readings over a minute or two and average them on a chart ignoring outliers to select a reading you will use.

There are then some adjustments to make including “index error” of the instrument, “dip” from curvature of the earth based on your height of eye and various potential altitude corrections such as the semi-diameter of the celestial body, terrestrial refraction, and parallax.

The final corrected result is the True Altitude (Ho).  After looking up in tables what the Calculated Altitude (Hc) should be, the difference is then how far away you are on the earth’s surface from an assumed position giving a position line.

We have produced a series of videos that will also help you to learn and master the sextant:

What Sights Can You Take?

To take a sight both horizon and celestial body must be visible, and you need more than one sight for a fix.  One method is to take a sun sight, update your approximate position to be on the sun sight position line then apply dead reckoning and take another sun sight as a running fix.  This is known as a “sun run sun”, one of the position lines could be a simple latitude derived from a “noon sight”, the sun at local noon (Meridian Passage).

Other options may be available at twilight if the moon and planets are visible along with the horizon. Possibly easier are stars.  Of the 2 x 10 23 stars in the visible universe and the 4,500 visible by eye, the positions of 57 most useful stars are recorded in non-perpetual volumes valid for a few years (epoch). To simplify things, altitude and azimuth are given relative to a hypothetic point in the sky (Aries) and don’t require sight reduction calculations.

Meridians and Hour Angles

The Earth is mapped by an imaginary grid of latitude and longitude lines. Latitudes run from 0° at the equator to 90° North and South at the poles.  Latitudes are measured in degrees of declination, the angle north or south from the celestial equator. The declination of the sun changes seasonally from the tropic of Cancer 23.4°N (northern hemisphere summer) to the tropic of Capricorn 23.4°S (northern hemisphere winter) as the Earth orbits the sun.

Longitudes are vertical meridians like segments of a chocolate orange running East to West from a prime meridian. Greenwich meridian was voted by 22 countries as the global prime meridian in 1884, although France continued using the Paris meridian until 1911.

Each minute of longitude is a nautical mile at the surface, and hence a degree of longitude is 60nm. In Astro navigation, the longitude position of a heavenly body is measured by Greenwich Hour Angle (GHA) running west from 0° Greenwich Meridian.  A longitude of 90° East is thus GHA 270°. The earth rotates every 24 hours, hence 15° per hour or 1° every 4 minutes. As you sail west, noon becomes later.

A Local Hour Angle (LHA) is the angle from your position to the heavenly body and is GHA minus your longitude if west or GHA plus longitude if East. For stars we use a Siderial Hour Angle (SHA) which is the angle between GHA and “Aries”, a hypothetical point in where the sun crosses the celestial equator on the northern spring equinox.

Because the earth spins, to measure any hour angle from celestial bodies you need to know the exact time to the second. The British Parliament passed the Longitude Act in 1714 with a reward of £20,000 (£3.35m in 2023) for solving longitude at sea to within half a degree, eventually won by John Harrison, carpenter and clockmaker who invented the marine chronometer.

Today a cheap digital watch set to GMT will work but may still need correcting as can vary 15-30 seconds per month.  In preparation for taking sights, I set three cheap digital watches to the exact time using www.time.is and plan to measure their variation before leaving.

5 Top Tips for Tables

The theory course is full of opportunities to make errors and it can be hugely frustrating having to trace your steps back to the start to try and find the error.  Here are some things that tripped me up when referring to the student tables provided:

Read the headings for columns and rows very carefully.  Column headings can change down the page for blocks of rows (e.g., data for stars) so may it not be the heading at the very top.

Check carefully whether data is positive or negative. In some cases, refer to prior rows where this is given.

The typeface is old and sometimes tricky to read.  Look at the trend for the previous and subsequent periods as a check.

Note how data trends to check if you should add or subtract.  Is declination for example increasing or decreasing and apply that when using data for corrections.

Get used to mental arithmetic in base 60.  A simple technique for subtraction is to re-write degrees and minutes with one less degree (e.g., convert 90° 00’ to 89° 60’) to make base 60 subtraction easier.

Proformas and Spreadsheets

For each type of sight (sun, planets, moon, and stars) there is a separate proforma to use in calculations.  I made my own spreadsheet versions as calculators for backup and for notes to remind me of the process.  Other versions can be found online with various formats, but these worked for me.  They are free to download and whilst I believe they are stress tested they come with no warranty and are no substitute for paper and pen!

Example Sun Sight from Excel Templates – Free Download: Astro Nav Templates

More than just Astro

The theory course is not just astronavigation but includes ocean passage planning, communications, global meteorology and how to check your compass.  You may find some parts of passage planning common sense and communications is a rapidly changing subject with advances in satellite internet access.  You will however need to dust off your Yachtmaster Offshore meteorology and learn about great circle passages, tropical cyclones, trade winds and ocean currents.

Taking the Exam

The exam is two hours long and you will have some sight reductions, plotting and non-astro navigation questions to answer.  For an online course, you’ll need a computer, internet connection and venue with any RYA instructor to invigilate.

Take your time to get settled with coloured pens, 2b pencils, plotter, dividers, student tables and some plain A4 paper. Unlike previous theory courses, plotting is not done on charts but on self-made plotting sheets.  You can buy generic plotting sheets, but the course will teach you to make your own based on your approximate latitude to get the relative scale right.  The student tables are all based on 50° latitude so I made a plotting sheet for that and (with permission) printed half a dozen off to take into the exam which I was very glad of.

You start the exam in your own time, then move forwards or backwards through the questions to complete as you wish. When the time is up, you’ll be asked to upload scans or photos of your work, a camera phone is useful for this.

Getting the Result

Once uploaded, a system message said results would come through in 2 or 3 working days’ time, however I had an email that evening confirming I had passed along with detailed feedback and model answers. Shortly after, an electronic copy of the certification was emailed with a hard copy in the post.

If you are a member of Halcyon Yachts, then please update us with any new RYA qualifications by email to [email protected] . To become a yacht delivery skipper with Halcyon Yachts you will need RYA Yachtmaster Ocean Commercially Endorsed, at least 10,000 NM experience as skipper, a trial sail, good references, and skippers’ third-party liability insurance.

Our continued outstanding reputation is based on the skills and dedication of our skippers. We have the highest standards in the industry, as such our Skippers are qualified to RYA Yachtmaster Ocean as a minimum.

Overall, I thoroughly enjoyed the course and have learned a new skill that will be used.  For nearly a decade I carried a Mark 25 Davis sextant on my 32ft yacht with an equally unopened astronavigation book. Not much use without the sight reduction tables, proformas, plotting sheets and knowledge to use it. Our next long passage I’m going to enjoy impressing the crew by plotting a few sights to update our dead reckoning with a fix.  We will of course still use GPS, but the Mark 25 will no longer be hidden at the bottom of a locker.

Author: Richard Payne, Sales and Operations Manager – Halcyon Yachts. 

With highly qualified and experienced crew, Halcyon Yachts Ltd offers a dedicated international yacht delivery service. For more information or to see details of their recent deliveries please visit: https://halcyonyachts.com/

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Rya / mca yachtmaster ocean theory online, from £295.00 per person.

We recognise that being stuck at inside can be a pain, especially when all you want to do is to get out on the water. So, we've teamed up with Skippers Online to provide some sailing themed fun and learning from the comfort of your own home.

Why not take the time to get stuck into interesting and immersive classes and work your way towards your RYA / MCA Yachtmaster Ocean Online.

This is the perfect course for those aspiring to open ocean cruising and is ideal for holders of the Yachtmaster Offshore certificate who are preparing for their first ocean passage. Prior to the course, your navigation skills should be at the standard of the Coastal Skipper/Yachtmaster Offshore theory course.

This course will cover topics such as the earth and the celestial sphere, sun, star and other sights, Meridian altitudes, provide a practical guide for the use and care of a sextant at sea and prepare you for ocean passage planning.

Once you have successfully completed the course you will receive an RYA Yachtmaster Ocean Theory certificate.

Realistic Scenarios and Step by Step Instruction

We use realistic 3D graphics and videos to illustrate scenarios exactly as they might appear from onboard your vessel. This is particularly valuable when teaching The Collision Regulations, Buoyage and Pilotage. Straightforward, narrated and animated, step-by-step instructions, incorporating regular quizzes and exercises, teach navigation, meteorology, the collision regulations, buoyage and safety at your own pace.

Unlimited Exam Resits

We prepare you carefully for the final exams, which are taken online after you've attempted mock papers. If you don't quite make the grade, we provide detailed personal feedback, suggest relevant additional study and allow unlimited resits.

The Platform

Skippers Online employs the same state-of-the-art technology chosen by major corporations such as IBM, Microsoft and Sony to deliver online training to their employees. Our lessons run on Windows PCs, Macs, iPads, iPhones and Android devices.

If you don't always have access to an Internet connection, you can view lessons offline on an iOS or Android device.

Plotter & divider sets are also available.

RYA Yachtmaster Ocean Theory modules include:

Introduction & Basic Astro Navigation Theory | Using a Sextant | Meridian Passage | Sun Sights | Plotting Your Position | Planet Sights | Moon Sights | Star Sights | Latitude by Polaris (The Pole Star) | Compass Check by Sun’s Amplitude | Ocean Weather & Tropical Storms | Passage Planning | Satellite, HF communications and obtaining weather data

Try before you buy!

Have a go at some of the sample lessons:

Yachtmaster Ocean Astronavigation

Day Skipper Buoyage

Coastal Skipper Pilotage

• More than 30 quizzes and exercises that check your understanding of each topic
• 1000s of 3D images, animations, videos, downloadable resources and external references
• Instructor Support 7 days a week
• 6 months access
• Unlimited exam attempts
• RYA Course Completion Certificate when you’ve passed your exams
• 2 RYA Training Charts
• The RYA Training Almanac
• Course Handbook
• Free 1st Class UK Delivery (+£10 for Europe, £20 Worldwide)
• Optional Plotter & Divider Kit (£28)

Why should I consider online training?

Good contemporary online training is fun and engaging, gets results and saves you money. Not everyone learns at the same pace and with eLearning you can study any-time, anywhere with an Internet connection, going back and forth between lessons at will.

What’s different about this online training?

All our lessons are narrated, unlike older generation online learning for RYA theory courses which expect you to read everything from the screen, much like reading a book. Think of it as a cross between attending lectures, watching a movie, playing a game and undertaking exercises on paper.

Our online training incorporates stunning 3D graphics which allow you to view scenarios from the perspective of a yacht’s cockpit, rather than simple diagrams viewed solely from above.

Quizzes use a variety of question types, not just multiple-choice (see the quiz at the end of the sample lesson on buoyage). When you take a quiz you get immediate feedback and when you undertake a written exercise you get not only the answers but fully worked demonstrations of how to get there.

Our lessons are designed by a highly-experienced Yachtmaster Instructor who lived a previous life in the software products industry, so knows exactly how to deliver high-quality online training solutions. It is developed by a professional team of programmers, graphic designers and voice-over artists dedicated to ensuring the best possible customer experience.

Our online training is based on the very latest eLearning technology as used by major organisation such as: Rolls Royce, IBM, 20th Century Fox, Samsung, Sony, AT&T, Lego, SAP, VW, Pfizer, Harley Davidson, many universities, schools and colleges. This contrasts with other products which are based on home-grown software. Amongst many other benefits, this mean you can navigate at will within and between lessons, pause or leave a lesson and return later to exactly where you left off. It also means that our lessons run perfectly on PCs, Macs, Android and iOS devices including tablets and even phones.  For those who know something about eLearning, our lessons are SCORM compliant which means they are developed according to the de facto industry standard for e-learning interoperability. Specifically, SCORM governs how online learning content and Learning Management Systems (LMSs) communicate with each other.

What are the pre-requisites for Day Skipper?

There aren’t pre-requisites for Day Skipper theory (although there are for the practical course) however it’s useful to have some experience sailing on a yacht or, at the very least, in a dinghy.

How do I know I’m ready for Yachtmaster Theory?

f you’ve already passed Day Skipper and you’ve got some miles under your sea boots then you’re ready. If you haven’t taken a Day Skipper course you need to be confident in your knowledge of the basics of navigation, meteorology and the rule of the road. Students who have a reasonable amount of sea time in the role of skipper or mate should be OK. Actually we do re-visit almost everything taught a Day Skipper level but you need to be realistic about the amount of time we can spend on the basics. If you discover that you really can’t keep up and need to go back to Day Skipper, talk to us and we can either swap your course of provide you with access to both levels for an additional fee.

Can I share my log-in with someone else?

There’s nothing to prevent you from doing this however we will only issue one set of exams and, of course, only one certificate. We can also see how many times you access individual lessons and if we believe someone is abusing the system we will contact you to suggest that you might pay an additional fee of £150 to cover the other person’s use.

What exactly do I get for my money?

For the basic course fee of you get:

Access to the online training materials comprising lessons, self-assessment exercises with model answers, and multiple quizzes.

Email support from a highly experienced Yachtmaster Instructor and, if you really get stuck phone support by way of a pre-arranged Skype call.

The RYA Course Pack comprising: 2 RYA Training Charts, a RYA Training Almanac, an online copy of US Chart 1 (symbols and abbreviations) which is a free Admiralty Chart 5011 substitute, and the RYA training chart-plotter for Windows PCs and Mac

If you are in the UK this will be shipped to you First Class. If you are overseas, it will  be sent Air Mail (+£10 for Europe, +£20 elsewhere) or can shipped by courier for an additional £35. However you can start studying immediately as many of the lessons don’t rely of the printed support materials.

What else do I need?

A device to run the eLearning. This might be a Windows PC or a Mac with a sound card, an iPad or Android tablet or even an iPhone or Android phone. Our eLearning runs on reasonably up-to-date versions of all the major browsers (Internet Explorer , Firefox, Chrome & Safari) however to be fair we have discovered that Chrome can be a little flaky of late, not just with our eLearning but with all sorts of applications that make extensive use of sound and HTML5.

A broadband, 4G or fast 3G Internet connection. It actually runs fine on slower connections but you might experience long waits in the same manner as if watching movies online.

A chart-protractor and chart-dividers (we can provide these for £28 if ordered for delivery with your course pack); 2B pencils; a rubber; an A4 pad for notes and workings; ideally a ring-binder to keep your notes and workings in. That’s about it

Do you offer any sort of guarantee?

Yes. Absolutely. All customers are entitled to a 14-day money-back guarantee. Obviously we also guarantee that our training is fit for purpose. In other words, assuming that you have the necessary equipment (device and Internet connection) it will enable you to follow your chosen course of study. And, whilst we take considerable effort to ensure that it’s free of errors, like any software there’s always the possibility of occasional small problems. If you encounter one let us know and we’ll work hard to rectify it in a timely manner.

What about supporting books?

You shouldn’t really need anything else however, if you do want a text-book to support your learning we recommend: Reeds Skipper’s Handbook by Malcolm Pearson and The Complete (Yachtmaster/Day Skipper) by Tom Cunliffe. You might also wish to purchase a print copy of Admiralty Chart 5011 (Symbols & Abbreviations) rather than use the free US Chart 5011 provided with your course. All are available from Amazon.

How much time will I need to spend studying?

Most students need 40-50 hours in total and the RYA mandates a minimum of 40 hours. Remember with eLearning you can study any-time, anywhere for a few minute at a time if you wish or, at the other end of the spectrum, take a week off and take the entire course.

What if I need more time to complete the course?

You can purchase a 6-month extension for £50 or12-months for £80.

I don’t always have access to an Internet connection. Is there an office version?

In order to run lessons offline you’ll need an iPad or Android tablet with the iSpring Viewer app installed.

Most lessons run perfectly offline however bear in mind that we do use some Internet resources in our teaching, such as YouTube videos, and these won’t be available offline. These are mainly in the lessons on safety.

How are quizzes and the course exercises assessed and marked?

Quizzes present questions from within lessons . You get immediate feedback on your answer and the chance to re-try the question or re-take the quiz as many times as you wish. We’re not looking over your shoulder

The self-assessment exercises are taken online but might including plotting on your RYA training charts, detailed workings and narrative.  You mark them yourself, in exactly the same manner as you would if you attended conventional classroom training. Once you’ve competed an exercise you have online access to not only the answers but also all the detailed workings and explanations as to how to get them. If you really can’t follow our explanation you can ask for help, sending us a scan or photograph of your work.

How do exams work?

Please see  here .

We know that choosing whether to study in a conventional classroom environment or online is a big decision and  want all our students to be 100% satisfied with their choice, so we offer a 14-day money back guarantee.

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RYA & STCW Courses – Sail, Power, Super-Yacht & Workboat

How to Pass the Yachtmaster Exam

Yachtmaster certificate of competence exam top tips, which yachtmaster.

First we need to be clear which Yachtmaster exam we are talking about. Leaving things like the Yachtmaster Instructor and Examiner Qualifications aside there are no less than 8 separate RYA certificates that are called “Yachtmaster”. This includes the 3 independently examined levels of Yachtmaster Certificate of Competence, (coastal, offshore and ocean).

RYA MCA Coastal Skipper & Yachtmaster Offshore Shorebased Course

( Yachtmaster Offshore Shorebased for short). This is a 6 day course which includes three written papers. It is assumed knowledge for all of the certificates that follow, so we will assume for the purposes of this article that you have already completed this course.

Yachtmaster Coastal Certificate of Competence (power or sail)

This certificate follows the successful completion of a practical exam which is discussed in this article. The exam can be taken on board a sailing yacht or motor boat, (and the qualification is endorsed for the relative type of craft). The Yachtmaster Coastal CoC certifies skippers to operate  up-to 20 miles from a safe haven on board commercial vessels up-to 24m, carrying up-to 12 passengers. It can also be used as an entry requirement for super yacht Officer Training ( OOW 3000 ).

Yachtmaster Offshore Certificate of Competence (power or sail)

A higher level practical exam, also discussed in this article. This certifies skippers to operate up-to 150 miles from a safe haven on board commercial vessels up-to 2000 tonnes, (again with up-to 12 passengers). It can also be used as an entry requirement for super yacht officer training and is a requirement to progress onto Yachtmaster Ocean CoC (below) and/or  MCA Master 200 .

RYA MCA Yachtmaster Ocean Shorebased Certificate

aka Ocean Shorebased . This is a 5 day (or 40 hour online) course which includes one written paper. It is assumed knowledge for the oral exam that follows and beyond the scope of this article. You can read all about the Ocean Yachtmaster Course and Exam here .

Yachtmaster Ocean Certificate of Competence (power or sail)

An even higher level certificate that qualifies the holder to skipper beyond the 150 mile from a safe haven limit of the Yachtmaster Offshore CoC. The Yachtmaster Ocean exam is an oral exam and one of its pre requisites is the Yachtmaster Offshore CoC (above).The Yachtmaster Ocean Exam is beyond the scope of this article, but by popular request we have written a separate article about it,   MCA Yachtmaster Ocean Certificate of Competence .

RYA MCA Yachtmaster Coastal and Offshore Certificate of Competence Practical Exam

Getting back on topic this article specifically relates to the two practical exams (Coastal and Offshore), each can be taken onboard a sailing yacht or motor boat.

The exam for the Yachtmaster Coastal CoC and the Yachtmaster Offshore CoC is very similar and in fact different candidates can be examined together even if they are not taking the same level.

Exams are conducted with 1-4 candidates on board the vessel.

You can take the Yachtmaster exam on a sailing yacht or motorboat, and you will become a Sail or Power Yachtmaster as appropriate. This article covers sail and power exams as much of the advice is generic.

The RYA/MCA Yachtmaster qualification is the global standard for sailing and motor boating. The definition of a Yachtmaster Coastal/Offshore is: ‘A yachtsman or woman competent to skipper a cruising yacht on any passage that can be completed without the use of astro navigation.’

The RYA/MCA Yachtmaster Certificate of Competence remains the logical target of many a self-motivated sailor. It also represents the icing on the cake for those looking for the reassurance of an external assessment.

How long is the Yachtmaster Exam?

There can be up to 4 candidates on the boat with the examiner. A examiner will not conduct more than 4 exams at once and will not plan to examine more than 2 candidates in a 24 hour period. He/she will need to see each candidate skipper the boat underway by night.

Yachtmaster Coastal Exam Duration

• 1 Candidate – 6 to 10 hours
• More than one candidate  – 4 to 8 hours each

Yachtmaster Offshore Exam Duration

• 1 Candidate – 8 to 12 hours
• More than one candidate  – 5 to 9 hours each

For many candidates this means there will be a pause mid-exam while they and the examiner get some sleep before restarting in the morning. It is not unknown for exams to span two nights if there are 4 candidates (for example Friday evening 1800- Sunday morning 1100)

Listed below are some top tips to help you prepare for your RYA/MCA Yachtmaster exam.

Prepare early for your yachtmaster exam.

Most candidates spend some time with an Instructor, whether this is a 5-day preparation course with a sea school or some bespoke tuition on board their own boat. A half decent Yachtmaster Instructor will take you through many of the exercises that an Examiner will expect you to demonstrate and will put you in the mind-set of an exam candidate.

On the day  of the exam make sure you are ready in good time so that you aren’t involved in a last-minute faff. If you’re relaxing in the cockpit with a cup of tea when the examiner arrives, the examiner will be more impressed than if you’ve put yourself under stress attempting to work out the day’s tidal heights or secondary ports last minute!

When given a navigation task, prepare fully, make notes, prepare pilotage sketches and plan well! Nip below every so often en route to keep an eye on what’s going on in the chart department and whizz back on deck pronto to carry on skippering the boat. Don’t panic and don’t spend all your time sat behind the chart table, taking no notice of what’s going on around you, this is an obvious sign of someone who is ill prepared for the passage they are skippering.

HAVE YOUR YACHTMASTER EXAM PAPERWORK READY (and the kettle boiling)

The very first part of the exam will be paperwork. Before the examiner can proceed he/she will;

• Ask for your completed exam application form, be sure it is completed in advance and details your qualifying sea time.
• Ask for payment, (the examiner can not proceed if you do not pay up front)
• Ask for sight of your Short Range Certificate , (or a pass form if you have recently taken the course and exam and are awaiting the actual certificate). Higher level GMDSS certificates are acceptable.
• Request a passport photo of you (write your name on the back).
• Chat with you about your yachting background and qualifying sea time
• Outline what he/she expect from you over the coming day(s).

If you are applying for a commercial endorsement at the same time you will also require as a minimum;

• PPR Certificate
• Sea Survival Certificate
• Seafarers Medical Certificate
• Commercial endorsement form and payment

You will also need to hold an in date  First Aid Certificate .

BE TIDY AND ORGANISED THROUGHOUT YOUR YACHTMASTER EXAM

First impressions count! Make yourself presentable and ensure you’re looking professional. That’s you and the boat!

Make sure the yacht is clean, tidy and seamanlike. The waterline crisp, sail covers looking ship shape, ropes coiled neatly and carefully stowed and fenders aligned. An experienced skipper once told me, you should know your boat so well that you should be able to find anything you need at any moment in time, including at night during power failure! A tidy boat is a sure sign of a safe boat.

PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT PREPARATION, FOR YOUR YACHTMASTER EXAM

Repetition, repetition, repetition. There is no point in having sailed (or motored) thousands and thousands of nautical miles if you can’t carry out Day Skipper tasks. If you can not confidently demonstrate all boat handling or seamanship skills, such as picking up a mooring buoy or putting a reef in, then you’re not ready for the exam yet!

There is nothing worse than entering or leaving a marina, wondering if you’re going to hit something. Brief your crew, make sure everyone knows what they are doing, and proceed with confidence. If the boat slides smoothly out of her berth with crew briefed and knowing what’s expected you will look good. Your calm manner, and a sensible amount of revs for power handling will immediately put the examiner’s mind at ease and give no reason for concern. If Plan A fails, take a breath, and start over. The examiner understands that mistakes can be made under exam conditions, he/she will be more impressed if you stop, recompose yourself and get the manoeuvre right, rather than continue to try and complete a bodged first attempt. There is no such things as a perfect exam, every candidate will make small mistakes, the stronger candidates will spot them, themselves and do something about them.

Without a doubt, you will be quizzed on COLREGS . There’s no reason for a candidate, not to have these regulations engrained into their brain. A good way of ensuring you have these nailed, is to study ‘A Seaman’s Guide to the Rule of the Road.’

YACHTMASTER EXAM IRPCS

There is no need to learn the collision regulation parrot fashion but you should have a working knowledge of every rule and you should be able to;

• Identify any vessel at night by lights
• Describe the day shape for any vessel
• Describe the fog signal for any vessel
• Explain any rule
• Apply the collision regulations practically through the exam
• Explain what actions you would take in fog if you have detected another vessel by radar alone.

Candidates who forget a particular rule such as “ what does a vessel constrained by night display at night? ” MAY still pass if they know the rest of the rules and are otherwise strong, however a candidate who fails to apply the rules correctly when he/she is skippering will fail. If a large vessel sounds 5 horns at you during your exam you are going to have to work very hard to recover! Do not put yourself in a position where this might occur.

YACHTMASTER OFFSHORE SHOREBASED KNOWLEDGE

Be ready, know your subject.

You can be quizzed on anything within the RYA Yachtmaster Offshore Shorebased Course,  you will also be expected to put the navigation, IRPCS , passage planning and forecast skills from this course into practice. If you don’t have this knowledge then you are waisting your exam fee as you will fail. You will also be tested on a basic understanding of Radar and Diesel engines . I am a strong believer that all Yachtmaster candidates as well as having passed the Yachtmaster Offshore Shorebased course should also have attended the following courses before taking their practical exam as you can be tested on any and all of these areas.

• RYA Short Range Certificate , it is likely you will each be quizzed on VHF procedures, distress alerting, the mayday call or other calls during the exam. You may also need to make a routine call to a marina or harbour during the exam.
• RYA Sea Survival . The safety brief that you deliver will include lots of content from this course, (i.e flares, EPIRB, life raft and life jackets), you can expect to be questioned on more detail on these and other areas.
• RYA Diesel . Typically candidates will be examined on engine checks and they will also be given a part of the engine to talk about or a common problem to solve, for example, “ Can you talk me through how you would bleed the full system on this engine ,” or “ Show me the components of the cooling system and explain which part of it may need servicing at sea if the system has run dry for a brief period’ “
• RYA Radar.  If the vessel is fitted with a radar you will be tested on its basic set up and use. You should be able to fix position by radar, find a spot on the chart by radar and identify when a risk of collision exists by radar. If there is not a radar set on board, any of this can be tested theoretically. All candidates should be tested on radar and motor candidate tend to be pushed a little further on this area, (while they escape the sailing part of the assessment).
• RYA First Aid . While you are required to hold a First Aid Certificate, Yachtmaster examiners will not test First Aid beyond the treatment for hypothermia, the effects of cold shock, calling for medical assistance and discussing evacuation by helicopter.

TAKE CHARGE DURING YOUR YACHTMASTER EXAM

One of the key things an examiner is looking for, is to see how good the candidates are at taking charge. This is more than just a sailing (or motoring) exam it is a skippering exam. Can you manage your boat? Can you manage your crew? Clear, decisive and safe briefings followed by ongoing directions to the crew are required.

Good leadership and seamanship alike, do not involve barking orders, it is about being in control in a calm, effective and efficient manner while showing you can skipper (lead). Demonstrate your organisational and methodical thinking.

Play to your strengths. There is no definitive way to be a skipper, so don’t change your tried and tested methods to try and impress. Stick with what you know and carry them out smoothly and confidently. Don’t rush and panic. “Go slow like a pro.”

YACHMASTER EXAM MAN OVERBOARD

It is almost a, “dead cert,” that each candidate will be asked to demonstrate a MOB drill at some point during the exam. This is typically done using a fender or similar attached to a small weight, (never a real person). There is a myth that Yachtmaster Examiners expect the drill to be carried out by the “RYA method,” and this is true, what is not true however is the various myths of what constitutes the RYA method!

Yachtmaster Exam – Man Overboard RYA Method

Your examiner will expect you to a take charge, not to loose sight of the MOB (fender), to get back to it safely without endangering other crew and to get the boat stopped alongside the casualty with the casualty somewhere safe (i.e near the leeward shroud on a sail boat and not too close to the props on a motor exam), ready for pick up back on board.

Man Overboard Exam Tips

If you are training with other candidates agree a method that works for all of you. When you are the skipper under assessment you want your crew to react and know what is expected of them. If each candidate on the same boat opts for a different MOB method it can lead to confusion.

Along the way you should simulate/say everything relevant to the casualties survival (mention throwing the MOB gear overboard, appoint a spotter, press the MOB function on the GPS, tell the examiner you would assign a crew members to issue a distress alert and Mayday call).

Man Overboard Exam Tips (for sail candidates)

In addition to the tick list in the above paragraph, use the engine! The exact drill of how you reach/tack, slow down, speed up etc. will vary from candidate to candidate and boat to boat. The important thing is that the method you opt to use works and is safe. I advise against gybing during your MOB drill in medium and stronger winds.

A sail candidate who opts to approach the casualty from upwind (where the mainsail will be filled as you sail or motor downwind) would be demonstrating a gross misunderstanding of how to control speed and how to stop a sailing yacht.

Man Overboard Exam Tips (for power candidates)

In addition to the tick list two paragraphs above be mindful of the rest of the crew. If at high speed when the MOB occurs, don’t turn suddenly, instead slow the boat down and ensure crew know if you intend to make a sharp turn. We don’t want  a crew ember (or the examiner) to fall over or worse overboard! On many boats in light and moderate conditions you can turn the boat and follow your wake to return to the MOB, in rougher sea states this might not work. There are basically three steps.

• Dont loose the MOB’s position
• Get back to the MOB
• Get alongside the MOB for pick up, without running him over

On many motor boats having got the boat back to the vicinity of the MOB, it pays to orientate yourself beam onto the wind and upwind of the MOB and allow the vessel to be blown sideways towards the MOB, this protects him/her from the risk of the bow and engine and is often referred to as the drift down method. As with sailing there are lost of variations on this method and what is important is the method that you use is safe and that it works.

YACHMASTER EXAM SAILING MANOUVERS

It is likely that you will be asked to either sail onto or sail off a swinging mooring (mooring bouy), an anchor or a pontoon. Make sure you are comfortable and competent at all before your exam. By way of example I will focus here on the mooring buoy. In non tidal waters the boat will lie on the mooring head to wind so the approach will be on a close reach under mainsail. In tidal waters certain combination of wind against tide may dictate an approach under headsail on a different point of sail.

The examiner will expect to see you;

• Brief the crew on how the manoeuvre will be performed
• Helm throughout the manoeuvre
• Prepare the boat for the manoeuvre (using the crew)
• Select the correct direction and angle of approach
• Select the correct sail combination for this approach
• Control the boat speed on the approach bringing the boat to a stop in a controlled manner
• Picking up and secure to the mooring bouy safely

If at any point the manoeuvre is not working the examiner will expect you to make the decision to bail-out and to have an escape plan in mind. Remember it will be your call to bail out not his.

YACHTMASTER EXAM, BOAT HANDLING UNDER POWER

During the exam you will have to demonstrate some boat handling under power. This may be a natural part of a passage you are skippering (i.e. at the start and end of the passage) or may be a specific boat handling session. Most candidates will demonstrate they can moor up, depart a berth and turn the boat in a confined space. You may be asked to demonstrate more than one berth so the examiner can see how you respond to different states of wind and tide. Some times an examiner will be specific (for example ask you to berth starboard side to, stern first on pontoon XYZ), other times he will leave some of the decision making to you and simply say berth on pontoon ABC. In the second  example he will expect to see you make a sensible decision as to whether to moor bow or stern first and from where to approach. If you are asked to repeat a manoeuvre performed by another candidate do not make the mistake of blindly copying the last candidate, take a minute to consider if they did it well or if an alternative approach would work better. Every boat manouvers differently but there are some givens for close quarter handling;

• Slow is Pro!
• Approaching down forces i.e. down tide (or down wind if no tide) is poor seamanship if you have the option not to
• Using excessive engine revs in confined space demonstrates a lack of experience and control
• Turning against prop walk should be avoided if possible.
• Using wind, tide, pivot points, momentum and prop walk to assist you will all make your manoeuvring easier and, “score you points” in the examiner’s mind.

If the manoeuvre is not working, bailing out safely is far better than perceiving trying to a make the best of a bad job. I can assure you that if you are half way through a manoeuvre and suddenly realise you have selected the wrong approach the examiner has spotted this several minutes earlier. He/she will be quietly hoping you opt to rectify the error rather than compounding it by continuing. Don’t disappoint him by continuing an approach that is clearly too fast or not going to work.

Just like the sailing manoeuvres described above you need to helm the boat through these manoeuvres, brief the crew and perform the manoeuvre well. You should not rely on crew jumping ashore with lines to stop the boat, you as helm should stop the boat so that crew can step ashore safely. If a spring line is appropriate to depart a berth then use it, but don’t over complicate things. It is quite embarrassing when a candidate opts to “spring off” a “wind off” berth when they could have simply just let the lines go. If manoeuvring in close quarters still phases you then you are not ready for the Yachtmaster exam and need some more boat handling practice first.

YACHTMASTER EXAM SUMMARY

There are many more components to the exam (pilotage, blind pilotage, voyage planning etc.) and the above is just a taster. If I have not scared you off yet, you have your own boat and require bespoke training (power or sail) I can be contacted through this site.

Yachtmaster Instructor

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• RYA Training
• RYA Interactive
• Special Courses
• RYA courses

RYA Training diagram flow

«Click» on any of the courses below to get full information on syllabusses and requirements ■

«start yachting» [practical]

A short introduction to sailing for complete beginners

By the end of the course you will have experienced steering a yacht, sail handling, ropework and be aware of safety on board. Holders of the Start Yachting certificate can go on to complete the Competence Crew course in a reduced time of three days or two weekends ■

► Pre-course experience

► Assumed knowledge

► Minimum duration

    two days

► Minimum age

► Course content

    The yacht, ropework, underway,

    rules of the road, man overboard recovery,

    clothing and equipment, Emergency

    equipment and precautions, meteorology;

► Ability after the course

    Basic knowledge of yachting.

«essential navigation & seamanship» [shorebased]

The course has been available in the classroom for a few years, but now it is possible to take it online too through our RYA Interactive e-learning site . However you decide to take the course, it offers a great introduction to navigation and safety awareness for new, inexperienced or rusty skippers and crew. This course is for anyone interested in sailing, motor boating, sea angling or diving, and works well in complementing our on-the-water training, such as the Powerboat Level 2, Start Yachting and Helmsman courses. This is a highly informative course with lots of opportunities for you to put your new found knowledge into practice. If you decide to take the course online , you will find many interactive exercises to help reinforce the information and lots of chances to try out what you’ve learned. In the classroom , the course is taught over 16 hours with exercises to complete along the way. It can be covered as a series of short sessions or over two full days. You will receive a course pack which includes a chart, plotter, dividers, course handbook, exercises and an electronic chart plotter CD ■

course topics include

► Charts and publications; ► Safety; ► Engine checks; ► Buoyage; ► Tidal awareness; ► Visual and electronic navigation; ► Pilotage; ► Rules of the road; ► Anchoring; ► Weather forecasts; ► Passage planning;

«competent crew» [practical]

This course is for beginners and those who would like to become active crew members rather than just passengers

Experience living on board and really get to know the boat. Virtually all the course is hands on. You are the crew - without you the sails won’t go up and the boat won’t be steered. By the end of the course you should be able to steer, handle sails, keep a lookout, row a dinghy and assist in all the day to day duties on board. You should also have visited some interesting places and had an enjoyable holiday ■

    5 days. Often run over 3 weekends or 3 days

    plus a weekend. If you hav done the Start

    Yachting course, this course can be

    completed in 3 or 4 days;

    Knowledge of sea terms and parts of a boat,

    her rigging and sails, sail handling, ropework,

    fire precautions and fighting, personal safety

    equipment, man overboard, emergency

    equipment, meteorology, seasickness,

    helmsmanship, general duties, manners

    and customs, rules of the road, dinghies;

    Able to steer, handle sails, keep a lookout,

    row a dinghy and assist in all the day to day

    routines.

«day skipper» [shorebased]

This course covers the prescribed syllabus for the award of the RYA Day Skipper shorebased certificate

The Day Skipper Course is designed primarily for: • Students who are new to sailing; • Students with dinghy or a little crewing experience; • Boatowners who have yet to make extended passages at sea; Course material includes charts , Admiralty and RYA publications, personal tuition, RYA Day Skipper shorebased assessment and certificate ■

    We assume no previous knowledge and

    each opic is fully explained and illustrated

    as it is introduced.;

    Course can be completed in 40 hours,

    at 8 hours it can be completed in 5 days;

    Beginning with simple chartwork and nautical

    erminology, the course progresses through to

    tidal predictions, buoyage recognition,

    position fixing (including GPS), steering

    and sailing rules, weather patterns, and

    navigation in fog and at night. The emphasis

    throughout the course is upon personal

    safety, including the use of man- overboard

    equipment, lifejackets, flares, HF and GMDSS;

►  Ability after the course

    As the course draws to a conclusion, all these

    subjects are combined in a demonstration of

    practical passage planning, giving sufficient

    knowledge for conducting your own coastal

    passage or similar passage.

«day skipper» [practical]

Our RYA Day Skipper training will guide you through preparation for sea, deck work, navigation, pilotage, and meteorology. Learn the rules of the road, maintenance and repair work, engines, and how to cope in emergency situations. The exciting part comes when you start learning how to handle the yacht, both under sail and under power. Passage making and night cruising are highlights of the RYA Day Skipper course ■

    5 days sea time, 100 miles, 4 night hours;

   Navigation to day Skipper Shorebased

    and basic sailing ability;

    5 days ;

    16 years;

    Basic Pilotage, boat handling,

    watch organisation;

    Skipper a small yacht

    in familiar waters by day.

«coastal skipper & yachtmaster® offshore» [shorebased]

This course covers the prescribed syllabus for the award of the RYA | MCA Yachtmaster® Coastal | Yachtmaster® shorebased certificate

The format of the course is such that the introductory modules act as a refresher on the basic concepts of navigation. However, it is too brief to be of value to the complete beginner and is intended to assist those whose knowledge has become a bit rusty. Course material includes: • charts • Admiralty and RYA publications  • personal tuition • RYA/MCA Coastal Skipper | Yachtmaster® Offshore shorebased assessment and certificate ■

    People who have previously complete

    a Day Skipper theory course;

    People who have sufficient knowledge

    to be able to plot EPs, CTS, calculate

    secondary port tidal heights and

    interpolate tidal streams;

    Courses takes 40-45 hours of study ;

    Navigational techniques are refined

    and expanded upon and whilst chartwork

    (including electronic aids) and tidal

    factors are studied to an advanced level,

    the emphasis is upon the practical

    knowledge required to become a skilled

    offshore skipper. Safety is stressed

    throughout with emphasis on collision

    regulations, interpreting weather forecasts,

    boat handling and coping with emergencies,

    concludes the course at an internationally

    recognised level of competence.

«coastal skipper» [practical]

Advanced skippering techniques for yachtsmen and women with considerable knowledge of sailing and navigation,

wanting to undertake coastal passages by day and night

Like the Day Skipper course, this course consists of skippered passages in a variety of situations . Each trainee will skipper more challenging passages and learn more about passage planning, pilotage by day and night, boat handling, safety and emergency situations. It is a satisfying but intensive week, with candidates often working towards a Certificate of Competence.

Most centres will expect you to complete the Coastal Skipper/Yachtmaster® Offshore shorebased course beforehand as there is insufficient time to teach you theory during the week. Coastal Skippers should be able to undertake more difficult passages by day and night and handle the yacht in more demanding conditions. By the end of the course you should have the knowledge, if not the experience, to become a Yachtmaster® . The course can be taken in tidal or non-tidal waters and your certificate will be endorsed accordingly ■

    15 days, 2 days as skipper,

    300 miles, 8 night hours;

    Boat handling to the standard of Day Skipper

    and navigation to shorebased Coastal;

► Minimum duration | age

    5 days | 17 years;

    Passage planning, Preparation for sea,

    Pilotage, Passage making and ability as

    skipper, Yacht handling under power,

    Yacht handling under sail, Adverse weather

    conditions, Emergency situations;

    Able to skipper a yacht on coastal

    passages by day and night.

«yachtmaster® ocean» [shorebased]

This course covers the prescribed syllabus for the award of the RYA/MCA Yachtmaster® Ocean shorebased certificate

When out of sight of land for prolonged periods we can no longer depend on the comforting presence of traditional+ navigational marks, and so we have to rely on the sun, moon and stars as well as electronic aids to find our position and maintain our intended ocean route. Whilst looking at both these aspects of navigation this course concentrates on astronavigation by observation of all the celestial bodies  ■

    No advanced mathematics is involved

    nor is the possession of a sextant required.

    Assuming a prior knowledge of coastal

    navigation, the recognition of the stars

    and navigational planets is explained

    together with the use of a sextant;

    Course can be completed in as little

    as four weeks. On average, at 4 hours

    a week it could take 5 - 6 months

    to complete. Full tutor support

    is provided for 12 months;

    Electronic instrumentation, now in everyday

    use, is a vital part of the course. Meteorology

    and climatology, and the planning of ocean

    passages, complete the syllabus.

    Course material includes: • extracts from the

    Nautical Almanac • practice astronomical

    tables • personal tuition (including assessment

    papers) • RYA/MCA Yachtmaster® Ocean

    shorebased assessment and certificate.

«RYA yachtmaster® coastal» [certificate of competence]

The Yachtmaster® Coastal has the knowledge needed to skipper a yacht on coastal cruises but does not necessarily

have the experience needed to undertake longer passages

Full details of the exam requirements |  syllabus are shown in the RYA’s Sail Cruising Logbook (code G15) and the Motor Cruising Logbook (code G18), both available from the RYA webshop. Yachtmaster® Coastal practical exams can be taken under sail or power and your certificate will be endorsed accordingly;

The candidate or a training centre provides the boat and the RYA provides an examiner . The exam will include: • assessment of your skippering  skills • boat handling • navigation • general seamanship • safety awareness and knowledge of the IRPCS (collision regulations) • meteorology and signals;

Candidates will be set tasks to demonstrate their ability and may also be asked questions on any part of the syllabus for all practical and shore-based courses up to Yachtmaster® Coastal level ■

exam pre-requisites

► Minimum seatime

    30 days, 2 days as skipper, 800 miles,

    12 night hours (if you hold the Coastal

    Skipper course certificate this is reduced

    to 20 days, 2 days as skipper, 400 miles,

    12 night hours). Half the qualifying sea

    time must be conducted in tidal waters;

► Form of exam

    Practical;

► Certification required

    A restricted (VHF only) Radio Operators

    Certificate or a GMDSS Short Range

    Certificate or higher grade of marine

    radio certificate. A valid first aid certificate

    (first aid qualifications held by Police,

    Fire and Armed Services are acceptable).

    All candidates are required to hold

    a first aid certificate . Acceptable certificates

    include the RYA’s First Aid Certificate,

    First Aid at Work, First Aid at Sea,

    or any other certificate issued on completion

    of a course which is a minimum of one day’s

    duration, recognised by the Health and Safety

    Executive and includes the treatment of

    ypothermia, cold shock and drowning;

► Minimum exam duration

    6-10 hours for 1 candidate,

    8-14 hours for 2 candidates;

    17 years.

«RYA yachtmaster® offshore» [certificate of competence]

The Yachtmaster® Offshore is competent

to skipper a cruising yacht on any passage during which the yacht is no more than 150 miles from Harbour  

Full details of the exam requirements |  syllabus are shown in the RYA’s Sail and Motor Cruising Logbook (code G158), available from the RYA webshop. Yachtmaster® Offshore practical exams can be taken under sail or power and your certificate will be endorsed accordingly. There is no formal training course leading up to the exam, but those who have not previously taken RYA courses often find it useful to book themselves in for some informal training at an RYA centre prior to their exam. This training can be tailor-made to your specific needs and helps to fill any gaps in your knowledge that may become apparent ■

    50 days, 2,500 miles including at least

    5 passages over 60 miles measured along

    the rhumb line from the port of departure

    to the destination, acting as skipper for

    at least two of these passages and including

    two which have involved overnight passages.

    5 days experience as skipper. At least half

    this mileage and passages must be in tidal

    waters. All qualifying seatime must be

    within 10 years prior to the exam;

    8-12 hours for 1 candidate,

    10-18 hours for 2 candidates.

    No more than two candidates can be

    examined in 24 hours and no more

    than four candidates can be examined

    in one 2 day session;

    18 years.

«RYA yachtmaster® ocean» [oral exam]

A person holding a Yachtmaster® Ocean qualification is experienced

and competent to skipper a yacht on passages of any length in all parts of the world  

The Yachtmaster®Ocean exam is an oral and written test of your knowledge of ocean passage making including planning, navigation, worldwide meteorology, crew management, yacht preparation, maintenance and repairs. You will also be questioned on your sights taken at sea during an ocean passage  ■

    Ocean passage as skipper or mate of watch.

    The candidate was fully involved in the

    planning  of the passage, including selection of

    the route,  the navigational plan, checking the

    material  condition of the yacht and her

    equipment,  storing spare gear, water and

    victuals and  organising the watch-keeping

    routine;  During the passage a minimum

    non-stop  distance of 600 miles must have

    been run by  the log, the yacht must have

    been at sea  continuously for at least 96 hours

    and the yacht  must have been more than

    50 miles from land  or charted objects while

    sailing a distance of at  least 200 miles.

    All qualifying seatime must be  within 10 years

    prior to the exam;

    Oral and written assessment of sights

    take at sea. If you hold the Yachtmaster®

    Ocean shorebased certificate you are exempt

    from the written assessment;

    A GMDSS Short Range Certificate (SRC)

    or higher grade of marine radio certificate.

    A valid first aid certificate  (first aid

    qualifications  held by Police,  Fire and Armed

    Services are  acceptable).  All candidates are

    required to hold  a first aid certificate .

    Acceptable certificates  include the RYA’s First

    Aid Certificate,  First Aid at Work, First Aid

    at Sea,  or any other certificate issued on

    completion  of a course which is a minimum

    of one day’s  duration, recognised by

    the Health and Safety  Executive and includes

    the treatment of  ypothermia, cold shock and

    drowning;

    Approximately 1.5 hours;

► Minimum age  18 years.

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Welcome to TheOceanAcademy

Superior RYA Yacht Crew Training in South Florida

The Ocean Academy is a fully accredited and recognized Training Center for the Royal Yachting Association (RYA).  We offer superior Theory and Practical Yacht Crew Training 

RYA Yachtmaster Offshore/Coastal (Power)

• We are the ONLY school in Fort Lauderdale to independently offer accredited Theory and Practical training for RYA Yachtmaster Offshore and Coastal.  This course includes one week of theory training in chart-work, navigation rules, meteorology, tidal height calculations, aids to navigation, voyage planning and more.  Week two includes practical training on our 40' (12m) training vessel, followed by the RYA Practical Examination. The Duration for this course is 6 days, with a total of 40+ hours of direct contact.  Included in your tuition is the RYA Student Pack which includes course notes, Training Almanac and Training Charts.  Plotting tools are not included, but our Yachtmaster FAQ will help you understand the tools that are needed.  We keep our student/instructor ratio to 4:1 maximum for the best training experience.  Please contact Steve from the contact information below for a consult and information on booking your course.

RYA Power Boat Level 2

• The Ocean Academy is fully accredited to offer the RYA Power Boat Level 2 Course (PBL2).  We offer this course in a two-day theory and Practical course, or a three day evening class for those crew members who are working on-board during the day.  The course is offered on our modern and well equipped 23' (7m) center-console training vessel, with electronic chart plotter, DSC equipped VHF radio and all the latest safety equipment.  Included in the tuition is an online voucher for the Start Boating course notes booklet.  We keep our student/instructor ratio to 3:1 for the best training experience.  Please contact Steve from the contact details below for a consult and infomation on booking your course.

TheOceanAcademy is your best resource for RYA Training In Fort Lauderdale, including custom yacht crew training, PBL2 and RYA Yachtmaster Offshore(Power) instruction

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The Ocean Academy

915 Middle River Drive, Suite 318, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33304, USA

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Impartial training and careers advice

Call us: +441983 280 641

+441983 280 641

• Become a Yachtmaster

If you are looking for a new career, want to lean to sail or just want some expert tuition and fill on those gaps in your knowledge then Flying Fish have an option for you.

• Career paths

The RYA Yachtmaster qualification is your gateway to a new career in the Yachting industry. The qualification provides worldwide work and adventure and confirms that your knowledge and skills are at the highest standard.

How long does it take to get my Yachtmaster?

There are two routes, you can gain the knowledge and experience yourself through gaining experience with family and friends and, over time, build up the experience to take the Yachtmaster exam. The downside with this route is that it can take a number of years to reach the standard required.

Alternatively, and the most popular and quickest route, is to join a training course that provides all the skills and training, and qualifications you need to reach your goal. You can go from beginner to Yachtmaster Offshore in 12-weeks.

Yachtmaster Power or Sail

The RYA has two separate qualifications, Power and Sail. Depending on your goal depends on what qualification route you take. If you are working in the Superyacht industry, then most choose Yachtmaster Power . However, if you are a sailor, then choose Yachtmaster Sail would be the obvious choice.

Yachtmaster Coastal, Offshore, or Ocean

There are three different Yachtmaster qualifications to choose from. The path you take depends on your goal.

Yachtmaster Coastal : Allows the holder to skipper a yacht up to 60 miles from shore, day or night. If you own your own boat or are a local sailor who doesn’t want to go offshore but would like to build confidence in coastal waters, then choose this option.

Yachtmaster Offshore : Most popular route . Allows the holder to skipper a yacht up to 150 miles from shore, day or night. If you want to work as a commercial skipper or see yourself progressing in the Superyacht industry, then you will need your Yachtmaster Offshore qualification.

Yachtmaster Ocean : Allows the holder to take a yacht on an ocean passage. Popular with skippers who hold Yachtmaster Offshore who want to progress and skipper yachts across the Atlantic.

Flying Fish Yachtmaster Course

Flying Fish is famous for our Yachtmaster Sailing Courses in Sydney, Australia, we have been operating in Australia since 1995.  As well as the training course, Sydney offers so much more. You will learn to sail on the beautiful Sydney Harbour and offshore along the East Coast of Australia. 

Our Yachtmaster programmes are very popular with people who are looking to escape the Northern Hemisphire winter, learn to sail in the sunshine, and explore the the delights that Syndey has to offer.

There is so much to do off the water too. You can relax on beautiful sun-drenched beaches, enjoy world-class food, nightlife and, of course, learn to surf!

Ready to launch your Yachtmaster career?

Choose from one of our course options below.

Yachtmaster Ocean Course

Yachtmaster ocean.

This 16-week course takes you from beginner to Yachtmaster Offshore. You will then stay on for a further four weeks to learn the art of celestial navigation before taking part in a two-week Ocean Passage. Once qualified, you will be able to skipper a yacht up to 24m in length across an Ocean.

Yachtmaster Offshore Course

Yachtmaster offshore course – most popular.

This 12-week Yachtmaster course takes you from a novice sailor to RYA Yachtmaster Offshore in one all-inclusive course. The Yachtmaster Offshore course is our most popular option for customers starting a career in the Superyacht or sailing industry. The qualification allows you to skipper a yacht up to 24m in lengh 150 miles from a safe haven.

Yachtmaster Coastal

Yachtmaster coastal course.

Our Yachtmaster Coastal is the entry-level certificate into the commercial world. Customers choose to complete Yachtmaster Coastal if the intention is to work in Coastal waters no further than 20 miles from a safe haven.

Still not sure?

To find out more about our course options, we are ready to help

Neptune Maritime Training Sail & Power

RYA yachtmaster power & sail passages

RYA Definition of a Passage for Yachtmaster sail and power exams

• Qualifying passages for Yachtmaster Ocean and Offshore should be non stop by the shortest navigable route with no change of skipper. Passages such as recognised races which may not comply exactly with these requirements may be submitted to the RYA for approval before the voyage.

Trainee skippers undertaking 60 mile passages are strongly advised to obtain a Coastal Skipper qualification first.

For Ocean passages the following definition will apply. “Throughout the passage the candidate must have acted in a responsible capacity either in sole charge of a watch or as a skipper”.

Ocean candidates may take their sights on a shorter passage than the qualifying passage. The examiner will determine whether the candidate is competent at astro navigation.

Examiners are responsible for establishing the level of a candidates competence during the exam. Where a candidate’s qualifying mileage is doubtful examiners will question the candidate carefully.

Completing qualifying passages is important for new yachtmaster eligibility criteria. talk to an RYA Training centre to ensure your sea miles and passages are complete

http://goo.gl/LCMUW7

mtsail&power

Contact details

FAST TRACK PROGRAMMES

Packaged by 2 Oceans to include the RYA modules and mileage required to quickly get you to the qualification you need, these programmes are designed to help you achieve your professional sailing goals. Our team of highly qualified instructors will provide you with the necessary skills and knowledge whether you are looking to earn a commercial skipper’s license, advance your sailing career, or just to start your sailing jour- ney, join us for a comprehensive and challenging adventure and take the first step towards your dream career.

This comprehensive package provides students with no previous experience the opportunity to get the practical and theoretical training, as well as the mileage required to achieve an RYA/MCA Yachtmaster Offshore Certificate of Competence – a 200-ton limited commercial license. 

The mileage module of the Offshore programme is a return leg from Cape Town to Durban. On successful completion, you will be able to work on a variety of sailing yachts as a: charter skipper, flotilla skipper, corporate day sailing skipper, cruising instructor, delivery skipper or first mate.

This well-rounded programme provides novice students with the opportunity to gain the practical and theoretical training required in to achieve a commercially endorsed RYA/MCA Yachtmaster Coastal Certificate of Competence.

Sailing takes place around the scenic Cape Peninsula and up and down the lower West Coast of South Africa. You will also round the Cape of Good Hope many times, which is a definite sailing milestone, given its often-challenging sailing conditions.

This basic 3-week programme gives you the minimum requirements for starting out in the Super Yacht Industry, or to charter a yacht in the Mediterranean. 

Modules included: RYA Competent Crew, RYA Day Skipper, RYA Short Range Radio Certificate, RYA Power Boat Level II.

Hout Bay Yacht Club Marina Harbour Road, Hout Bay Cape Town, South Africa, 7806

+27  (82) 854-9789 [email protected] All images on this site are of our boats and students while training

RYA Yachtmaster Motor Practical Prep & Exam - Offshore

Rya yachtmaster motor practical prep & exam in southampton (offshore): course summary.

• Course Duration: 5 days
• Course Location:  Saxon Wharf Marina, Southampton, SO14 5QF
• Course Cost: From £1495pp
• Previous Experienced Required:  Yes
• Minimum Age Requirement: 18 years old
• What The Course Includes: Tuition, moorings, waterproofs, breakfast, and more! 
• What You Will Learn: Practice the finer points of boat handling, planning, navigation and theory, and more. Then Yachtmaster Offshore exam.

The  RYA  Yachtmaster™ Offshore Certificate of Competence is a highly regarded qualification that is recognised worldwide. RYA Yachtmaster Coastal is a new pathway Certificate of Competency for an Officer in Charge of a Navigational Watch on yachts less than 3000gt.

The RYA Yachtmaster offshore/coastal preparation and exam week consists of intensive revision, as well as expert instruction followed by the Yachtmaster Exam. The exam starts on the Friday, however it may include the weekend depending on the number of students.

WHO IS THIS COURSE FOR?

• Minimum age 18
• Completed the RYA Coastal Skipper/Yachtmaster Theory Course or have equivalent knowledge

Its highly recommended that you also have attended the RYA one day radar course, *RYA sea survival course  and RYA diesel engine course. 

*required to commercially endorse your RYA MCA certificate.

Yachtmaster coaster skippers will need:

• 30 days on board
• 12 night hours
• Two days as skipper all on vessels under 24m in length

Or if you have completed the RYA Coastal skipper course this is reduced to:

• 20 days on board
• 12 night hours and two days as skipper, all on vessels under 24m in length
• 12 night hours on yachts up to 3000gt
• Two days as skipper on vessels less than 24m.

Yachtmaster offshore candidates will need:

• Minimum of 50 days at sea
• Minimum of 2,500 miles logged
• At least 5 passages over 60 miles measured along the rhumb line from the port of departure to the destination
• At least 5 days experience as a skipper (acting as skipper for at least 2 of these passages including 2 as overnight passages)

A minimum of half the required mileage and passages must be completed in tidal waters and within 10 years of the exam.

Candidates must also hold a  valid first aid certificate  and GMDSS VHF licence to be eligible to be entered into the exam

WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?

The RYA Yachtmaster Offshore preparation and exam week is an intensive bespoke, focused week of skills and drills putting everything together. You will practice the finer points of boat handling, planning, navigation and theory, as well as crew management and decision making, culminating with the Yachtmaster Offshore exam.

OUTLINE COURSE CONTENT

The RYA Yachtmaster Motor Practical Preparation and Exam consists of 2 stages:

• Monday – Friday AM (9.30AM onwards) is the practical exercises, as well as theory sessions, both day and night.
• Friday PM onwards is the Yachtmaster Offshore Examination.

WHAT DOES THE COURSE COST?

• Monday – Friday AM practical exercises = £1495.00 per person
• Friday PM onwards Yachtmaster Offshore Examination = £241 (paid directly to the RYA, via the exam payment portal ) Yachtmaster Coastal examination fee = 208

WHAT IS INCLUDED IN THE COST?

• Low student instructor ratio 
• All moorings
• Expert tuition and guidance after the course
• Onboard accommodation, can be provided £20pp pn
• Waterproofs
• On site parking available

NEXT STEPS AFTER YACHTMASTER MOTOR OFFSHORE

• RYA Cruising Instructor (Motor) Course

Book Your Yachtmaster Motor Practical Prep & Exam Here

Book online below, or call on 023 81 242159 .

If there are no courses listed below, please email us to enquire about availability:  [email protected].

We Can Also Help With...

Jet ski club, boat charter, safety boat services.

• RYA Powerboat Level 1 Course
• RYA Powerboat Level 2 Course
• RYA Tender Operator Course
• RYA Intermediate Powerboat Course
• RYA Advanced Powerboat Course
• RYA Powerboat Instructor Course
• RYA Advanced Powerboat Instructor Course
• RYA MCA Advanced Powerboat Prep & Exam
• RYA MCA Commercial Powerboat Skipper Course
• RYA Helmsman Course
• RYA Day Skipper Motor
• RYA Coastal Skipper Motor Course
• MCA Yachtmaster Coastal Certificate of Competence
• MCA Yachtmaster Offshore Certificate of Competence
• RYA / MCA Yachtmaster Academy
• Superyacht Deckhand Course
• RYA PWC Proficiency Course
• PWC Instructor Course
• Own Boat Tuition
• RYA VHF Radio Course
• RYA Sea Survival Course
• RYA First Aid Course
• RYA Essential Seamanship & Navigation Course
• RYA Day Skipper Theory Course
• RYA Coastal Skipper / Yachtmaster Theory Course
• RYA VHF Radio Online Course
• RYA Essential Seamanship & Navigation Online Course
• RYA Day Skipper Theory Online Course
• RYA Coastal Skipper / Yachtmaster Theory Online Course
• RYA CEVNI Assessment Online
• RYA PPR Online Course
• Instructors
• Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
• Course Feedback
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• April 25, 2024   •   40:33 The Crackdown on Student Protesters
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• April 22, 2024   •   24:30 The Evolving Danger of the New Bird Flu
• April 19, 2024   •   30:42 The Supreme Court Takes Up Homelessness
• April 18, 2024   •   30:07 The Opening Days of Trump’s First Criminal Trial
• April 17, 2024   •   24:52 Are ‘Forever Chemicals’ a Forever Problem?
• April 16, 2024   •   29:29 A.I.’s Original Sin
• April 15, 2024   •   24:07 Iran’s Unprecedented Attack on Israel
• April 14, 2024   •   46:17 The Sunday Read: ‘What I Saw Working at The National Enquirer During Donald Trump’s Rise’
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The Crackdown on Student Protesters

Columbia university is at the center of a growing showdown over the war in gaza and the limits of free speech..

Hosted by Michael Barbaro

Featuring Nicholas Fandos

Produced by Sydney Harper ,  Asthaa Chaturvedi ,  Olivia Natt ,  Nina Feldman and Summer Thomad

With Michael Simon Johnson

Edited by Devon Taylor and Lisa Chow

Original music by Marion Lozano and Dan Powell

Engineered by Chris Wood

Listen and follow The Daily Apple Podcasts | Spotify | Amazon Music

Columbia University has become the epicenter of a growing showdown between student protesters, college administrators and Congress over the war in Gaza and the limits of free speech.

Nicholas Fandos, who covers New York politics and government for The Times, walks us through the intense week at the university. And Isabella Ramírez, the editor in chief of Columbia’s undergraduate newspaper, explains what it has all looked like to a student on campus.

On today’s episode

Nicholas Fandos , who covers New York politics and government for The New York Times

Isabella Ramírez , editor in chief of The Columbia Daily Spectator

Background reading

Inside the week that shook Columbia University .

The protests at the university continued after more than 100 arrests.

There are a lot of ways to listen to The Daily. Here’s how.

We aim to make transcripts available the next workday after an episode’s publication. You can find them at the top of the page.

Research help by Susan Lee .

The Daily is made by Rachel Quester, Lynsea Garrison, Clare Toeniskoetter, Paige Cowett, Michael Simon Johnson, Brad Fisher, Chris Wood, Jessica Cheung, Stella Tan, Alexandra Leigh Young, Lisa Chow, Eric Krupke, Marc Georges, Luke Vander Ploeg, M.J. Davis Lin, Dan Powell, Sydney Harper, Mike Benoist, Liz O. Baylen, Asthaa Chaturvedi, Rachelle Bonja, Diana Nguyen, Marion Lozano, Corey Schreppel, Rob Szypko, Elisheba Ittoop, Mooj Zadie, Patricia Willens, Rowan Niemisto, Jody Becker, Rikki Novetsky, John Ketchum, Nina Feldman, Will Reid, Carlos Prieto, Ben Calhoun, Susan Lee, Lexie Diao, Mary Wilson, Alex Stern, Dan Farrell, Sophia Lanman, Shannon Lin, Diane Wong, Devon Taylor, Alyssa Moxley, Summer Thomad, Olivia Natt, Daniel Ramirez and Brendan Klinkenberg.

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Nicholas Fandos is a Times reporter covering New York politics and government. More about Nicholas Fandos

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• Certificates of Competence
• Yachtmaster conversions

Converting between sail and power

Holders of the RYA Yachtmaster® Coastal or Yachtmaster Offshore Certificate of Competence in a particular discipline (sail or power) are eligible for a “discount” in terms of the mileage and sea time that is required for the exam in the other discipline.

The exam that will be undertaken by the candidate is a full exam, however the fact that the candidate already holds an RYA Yachtmaster Certificate of Competence in one discipline, means that we can accepted a reduced amount of mileage and sea time in the discipline for which they will now be examined.

The seatime shown below must be in the discipline in which you are to be examined (sail or power). All qualifying seatime must be within 10 years prior to the exam.

Yachtmaster Coastal

• Minimum of 400 miles
• 12 days living on board
• 2 days as skipper
• 12 night hours

Yachtmaster Offshore

• Minimum of 1250 miles
• 25 days living on board
• 3 days as skipper
• 3 passages over 60 miles including 1 overnight and 1 as skipper

It is essential that candidates for any exam be fully conversant with the entire syllabus relating to the relevant type of vessel (sail or motor) and that they have adequate experience to be confident in the capacity of skipper of that type of craft. 

Note: As of 1st July 2021 shortened conversion exams from sail to power and power to sail are no longer available.

Theater of Conquest: Moscow (Level 4 City Event)

The new Warpath game-mode Theater of Conquest: Moscow (Level 4 City Event) is coming soon with tons of new activities, maps, and rewards!

Theater of Conquest: Moscow

• New snowing city level 4 – Moscow
• Kremlin: This strategic place is the pinnacle of Glory in Moscow, and rests in the heartland of this territory.
• Forts: Forts enable either an attack DMG or DMG Resist Buff for Alliance Members. 4 Forts provide attack buffs and another 4 forts provide resist buffs.
• Settlements: Alliances can capture these to allow its members access to more exclusive Arms EXP and Ammo on the Black Market.
• Blockhouses: These defensive fortifications activate troop durability or troop firepower buffs (Four Blockhouses for each buff).
• Arms Factories: These Factories provide Alliance Members with a 5-star unit every 2 days after 12AM UTC.
• Gold Deposits: Collection sites where commanders can mine Gold.
• New achievement demonstration – seasonal medals, and so many more!

Theater of Conquest: Moscow Participation Processes:

The event takes place in 5 stages: Preselection, Matching, Warm-up, Conquest, and Reward!

Preselection Phase

Alliances in the same server undergo an intense contest for 8 days to decide who will qualify for the Conquest: Moscow.

The top 32 Alliances will be qualified for Conquest: Moscow. The number will vary due to different active player numbers in different servers.

The qualified Alliances will be locked that player cannot join or leave the Alliance, and the Alliance cannot disband. The locking state continues until the end of Conquest: Moscow.

Matching Phase

Your Adversaries will be selected from the qualified Alliances. Groups will be formed with 8 Alliances in each to enter the Conquest.

The matching will only take place within the same server for now.

Warm-up Phase

A Warm-Up Round is held before entering the Battle of Moscow, where alliances contend for alluring buffs.

Conquest Phase

The Warm-Up Round then closes as the War in Moscow kicks off. Alliance Members representing their League in the War can then enter Moscow to fight in the War.

Every 8 Alliances will be assigned into one match for the fights, but only one will win.

While the Conquest: Moscow is in progress, participating Commanders can move into Moscow from cities around the world for free, and can spend 1 Entry Permit to move back to the original city during this phase.

Reward Phase

After the Conquest Phase ends, all Commanders who participated will earn the new officer: Ivan Andreyevich Volkov (Winter Huntsman) , and his beloved dog Shemyaka.

The higher rank you and your Alliance have, the more rewards you will get.

Alliance leaders will be able to assign extra rewards to those who perform the best during Conquest: Moscow.

Download & Play Warpath PC

Avoid lags and battery-draining when doing prolonged combats. Bonus: Play multiple accounts easily !

Download & Play Warpath on PC

Artcourt Moscow Center (f. Courtyard Moscow City Center)

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Guest reviews (71).

• Cleanliness 4.7
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• Opened: 2005
• Number of Rooms: 218

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Ocean Your Local News for Ocean County, New Jersey

SUV Crash Knocks Out Power, Shuts Down Road In South Jersey: Police

An SUV crashed into a utility pole in Monmouth County, shutting down a road and knocking out power, authorities said.

A crash on Hospital Road in Wall Township, NJ, on Apr. 25, 2024.

In a Facebook post , Wall Township police said a vehicle hit the pole along Hospital Road at around 12:45 p.m. on Thursday, Apr. 25. No injuries were reported in the crash.

A photo from Wall police showed an SUV lying on its left side in the middle of the road. Two utility poles were leaning and there was also damage to a nearby fence.

Emergency crews and Jersey Central Power & Light responded to the crash scene. According to the JCP&L outage map , 134 customers in Wall were without power as of 1:15 p.m., and electricity was expected to be restored by 4 p.m.

Sea Girt police said outages were also reported in Brick Township, Point Pleasant, Point Pleasant Beach, Spring Lake, and Spring Lake Heights. Power had been restored to most customers through circuit switching and crews were working to bring service back to the remaining customers affected.

Police also said Hospital Road was anticipated to be closed "for an extended amount of time" between Atlantic Avenue and Squankum-Allenwood Road.

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The daily journal of the united states government, request access.

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An official website of the United States government.

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